Cara Instalasi Aplikasi Di Linux (Bukan File RPM)

Program yang saya ambil sebagai contoh yang pertama untuk penginstalan adalah GIMP, sedangkan sebagai contoh yang kedua adalah GmusicBrowser.

1. Contoh proses instalasi program GmusicBrowser

untuk melakukan proses instalasi maka saya menggunakan terminal dan sebaiknya login sebagai super user pada terminal tersebut.

Langkah pertama untuk proses instalasi adalah dengan masuk ke direktori program tersebut dengan mengetikkan perintah cd gmusicbrowser-0.953, kemudian untuk proses instalasi program tersebut maka ketikan perintah make install dan pada terminal akan tampil sebagai berikut :

[root@localhost gmusicbrowser-0.953]# make install

mkdir -p “/usr/bin”

mkdir -p “/usr/share/gmusicbrowser/”

mkdir -p “/usr/share/doc/gmusicbrowser-0.953″

mkdir -p “/usr/share/man/man1/”

install -m 644 AUTHORS COPYING README NEWS INSTALL “/usr/share/doc/gmusicbrowser-0.953″

install -m 644 gmusicbrowser.man “/usr/share/man/man1/gmusicbrowser.1″

install -d “/usr/share/gmusicbrowser/pix/”

install -d “/usr/share/gmusicbrowser/plugins/”

install -Dm 755 gmusicbrowser.pl “/usr/bin/gmusicbrowser”

install -m 755 iceserver.pl “/usr/share/gmusicbrowser/iceserver.pl”

install -m 644 *.pm layouts “/usr/share/gmusicbrowser/”

install -m 644 plugins/*.pm “/usr/share/gmusicbrowser/plugins/”

install -m 644 pix/* “/usr/share/gmusicbrowser/pix/”

install -Dm 644 gmusicbrowser.desktop “/usr/share/applications/gmusicbrowser.desktop”

install -Dm 644 gmusicbrowser.menu “/usr/lib/menu/gmusicbrowser”

install -Dm 644 pix/gmusicbrowser32×32.png “/usr/share/icons/gmusicbrowser.png”

install -Dm 644 pix/gmusicbrowser.png “/usr/share/icons/large/gmusicbrowser.png”

install -Dm 644 pix/trayicon.png “/usr/share/icons/mini/gmusicbrowser.png”

maka setelah proses instalasi selesai maka program sekarang dapat dijalankan.

2. Contoh proses instalasi program GIMP

Langkah pertama untuk proses instalasi adalah dengan masuk ke direktori program tersebut dengan mengetikkan perintah cd gimp-2.2.9, kemudian untuk proses pengecekan apakah program tersebut dapat diinstal maka ketikan perintah ./configure dan pada terminal akan tampil sebagai berikut :

[root@localhost gimp-2.2.9]# ./configure

checking for a BSD-compatible install… /usr/bin/install -c

checking whether build environment is sane… yes

checking for gawk… gawk

checking whether make sets $(MAKE)… yes

checking for gcc… gcc

checking for C compiler default output file name… a.out

checking whether the C compiler works… yes

checking whether we are cross compiling… no

checking for suffix of executables…

checking for suffix of object files… o

checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler… yes

checking whether gcc accepts -g… yes

checking for gcc option to accept ANSI C… none needed

checking for style of include used by make… GNU

checking dependency style of gcc… gcc3

checking build system type… i686-pc-linux-gnu

checking host system type… i686-pc-linux-gnu

checking for a sed that does not truncate output… /bin/sed

checking for egrep… grep -E

checking for ld used by gcc… /usr/bin/ld

checking if the linker (/usr/bin/ld) is GNU ld… yes

checking for /usr/bin/ld option to reload object files… -r

checking for BSD-compatible nm… /usr/bin/nm -B

checking whether ln -s works… yes

checking how to recognise dependent libraries… pass_all

checking how to run the C preprocessor… gcc -E

checking for ANSI C header files… yes

checking for sys/types.h… yes

checking for sys/stat.h… yes

checking for stdlib.h… yes

checking for string.h… yes

checking for memory.h… yes

checking for strings.h… yes

checking for inttypes.h… yes

checking for stdint.h… yes

checking for unistd.h… yes

checking dlfcn.h usability… yes

checking dlfcn.h presence… yes

checking for dlfcn.h… yes

checking for g++… g++

checking whether we are using the GNU C++ compiler… yes

checking whether g++ accepts -g… yes

checking dependency style of g++… gcc3

checking how to run the C++ preprocessor… g++ -E

checking for g77… no

checking for f77… no

checking for xlf… no

checking for frt… no

checking for pgf77… no

checking for fort77… no

checking for fl32… no

checking for af77… no

checking for f90… no

checking for xlf90… no

checking for pgf90… no

checking for epcf90… no

checking for f95… no

checking for fort… no

checking for xlf95… no

checking for ifc… no

checking for efc… no

checking for pgf95… no

checking for lf95… no

checking for gfortran… no

checking whether we are using the GNU Fortran 77 compiler… no

checking whether accepts -g… no

checking the maximum length of command line arguments… 32768

checking command to parse /usr/bin/nm -B output from gcc object… ok

checking for objdir… .libs

checking for ar… ar

checking for ranlib… ranlib

checking for strip… strip

checking if gcc static flag works… yes

checking if gcc supports -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions… no

checking for gcc option to produce PIC… -fPIC

checking if gcc PIC flag -fPIC works… yes

checking if gcc supports -c -o file.o… yes

checking whether the gcc linker (/usr/bin/ld) supports shared libraries… yes

checking whether -lc should be explicitly linked in… no

checking dynamic linker characteristics… cat: ld.so.conf.d/*.conf: No such file or directory

GNU/Linux ld.so

checking how to hardcode library paths into programs… immediate

checking whether stripping libraries is possible… yes

checking if libtool supports shared libraries… yes

checking whether to build shared libraries… yes

checking whether to build static libraries… no

configure: creating libtool

appending configuration tag “CXX” to libtool

checking for ld used by g++… /usr/bin/ld

checking if the linker (/usr/bin/ld) is GNU ld… yes

checking whether the g++ linker (/usr/bin/ld) supports shared libraries… yes

checking for g++ option to produce PIC… -fPIC

checking if g++ PIC flag -fPIC works… yes

checking if g++ supports -c -o file.o… yes

checking whether the g++ linker (/usr/bin/ld) supports shared libraries… yes

checking dynamic linker characteristics… cat: ld.so.conf.d/*.conf: No such file or directory

GNU/Linux ld.so

checking how to hardcode library paths into programs… immediate

checking whether stripping libraries is possible… yes

appending configuration tag “F77″ to libtool

checking whether to enable maintainer-specific portions of Makefiles… no

checking for target architecture… i686-pc-linux-gnu

checking for some Win32 platform… no

checking for native Win32… no

checking for library containing strerror… none required

checking for gcc… (cached) gcc

checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler… (cached) yes

checking whether gcc accepts -g… (cached) yes

checking for gcc option to accept ANSI C… (cached) none needed

checking dependency style of gcc… (cached) gcc3

checking for a BSD-compatible install… /usr/bin/install -c

checking whether make sets $(MAKE)… (cached) yes

checking for special C compiler options needed for large files… no

checking for _FILE_OFFSET_BITS value needed for large files… 64

checking for _LARGE_FILES value needed for large files… no

checking whether to turn on debugging… no

checking whether to turn on profiling… no

checking for dirent.h that defines DIR… yes

checking for library containing opendir… none required

checking for ANSI C header files… (cached) yes

checking for sys/wait.h that is POSIX.1 compatible… yes

checking whether time.h and sys/time.h may both be included… yes

checking sys/param.h usability… yes

checking sys/param.h presence… yes

checking for sys/param.h… yes

checking sys/time.h usability… yes

checking sys/time.h presence… yes

checking for sys/time.h… yes

checking sys/times.h usability… yes

checking sys/times.h presence… yes

checking for sys/times.h… yes

checking for sys/wait.h… (cached) yes

checking for unistd.h… (cached) yes

checking for pid_t… yes

checking return type of signal handlers… void

checking for vprintf… yes

checking for _doprnt… no

checking for working alloca.h… yes

checking for alloca… yes

checking for difftime… yes

checking for putenv… yes

checking for mmap… yes

checking for perl… /usr/bin/perl

checking for XML::Parser… ok

checking for iconv… /usr/bin/iconv

checking for msgfmt… /usr/bin/msgfmt

checking for msgmerge… /usr/bin/msgmerge

checking for xgettext… /usr/bin/xgettext

checking locale.h usability… yes

checking locale.h presence… yes

checking for locale.h… yes

checking for LC_MESSAGES… yes

checking libintl.h usability… yes

checking libintl.h presence… yes

checking for libintl.h… yes

checking for ngettext in libc… yes

checking for dgettext in libc… yes

checking for bind_textdomain_codeset… yes

checking for msgfmt… /usr/bin/msgfmt

checking for dcgettext… yes

checking for gmsgfmt… /usr/bin/msgfmt

checking for xgettext… /usr/bin/xgettext

checking for catalogs to be installed… bg ca cs da de el en_CA en_GB es eu fi fr ga gl he hu hr id it ja ko lt mk ms nbnl no pa pl pt pt_BR ro ru sk sr sr@Latn sv tr uk vi yi zh_CN zh_TW

checking for pkg-config… /usr/bin/pkg-config

checking for GLIB - version >= 2.4.5… yes (version 2.6.3)

checking pkg-config is at least version 0.9.0… yes

checking for GMODULE… yes

checking if GLib is version 2.7.0 or newer… no

checking for bind_textdomain_codeset… (cached) yes

checking for X… libraries /usr/X11R6/lib, headers /usr/X11R6/include

checking for gethostbyname… yes

checking for connect… yes

checking for remove… yes

checking for shmat… yes

checking for IceConnectionNumber in -lICE… yes

checking for pkg-config… (cached) /usr/bin/pkg-config

checking for GTK+ - version >= 2.4.4… yes

Kemudian setelah proses pengecekan telah selesai dan semua library yang dibutuhkan oleh program tersebut telah ada maka lanjut ke proses selanjutnya yaitu proses kompilasi dengan mengetikan perintah make, kemudian ketikan perintah make install untuk melakukan proses instalasi, setelah proses instalasi selesai maka program dapat dijalankan.

Perintah make dan make install dapat dijalankan bila pada saat perintah ./configure dijalankan tidak ada pesan error yang muncul, biasanya error muncul dikarenakan file library yang disyaratkan harus ada agar program dapat di install tidak ada, oleh karena itu untuk mencari file library tersebut dapat dicari di internet atau juga dapat dicari di klik ya untuk lebih lanjut.

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